camp nou

Camp Nou (Catalan pronunciation: [kamˈnɔw], "New Field"), sometimes called in error as Nou Camp in English, is a football stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The stadium, located in the west of the city, has been the home of FC Barcelona since its construction in 1957.
The Camp Nou seats 99,354[1], reduced to 96,336 in matches organized by the UEFA,[2] making it the largest stadium in Europe and the eleventh largest in the world in terms of capacity. It has hosted numerous international matches at a senior level including two UEFA Champions League finals, the most recent being in 1999. It also hosted several games, including bronze- and gold-medal matches, for the football competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics hosted by Barcelona. It held UEFA five-star status until 2006, when a new rating system was introduced by UEFA.
Its official name was Estadi del FC Barcelona (FC Barcelona Stadium) until 2000, when the club members voted to formally adopt the popular nickname Camp Nou. Though opposed by current club president Sandro Rosell, FC Barcelona initially approved the sale of its former training ground Mini Estadi to remodel the stadium on its fiftieth anniversary and increase capacity to 104,000 in 2007. The plans are on hold because of the World financial crisis.
Contents  [hide]
1 History
1.1 Construction
1.2 Early years
1.3 Development
2 Future
3 Other uses
4 References
5 External links
[edit]History

[edit]Construction
The construction of Camp Nou started on 28 March 1954 as Barcelona's previous stadium, Camp de Les Corts had no room for expansion. Although originally planned to be called Estadi del FC Barcelona, the more popular name Camp Nou was used. The June 1950 signing of László Kubala, regarded as one of Barcelona's greatest players provided further impetus to the construction of a larger stadium.[3][4][5]
Construction of Camp Nou began on 28 March 1954 before a crowd of 60,000 Barça fans. Civil governor of Barcelona, Felipe Acedo Colunga presided at the laying in place of the first stone, with a blessing from the Archbishop of Barcelona, Gregorio Modrego. Construction took three years, going 336% over budget for a final cost of 288 million pesetas.[5] The stadium was officially opened on 24 September 1957. Handel's Messiah was performed at the opening of the stadium.
The architects were a team made up of Francesc Mitjans, Josep Soteras and Lorenzo García-Barbón.
[edit]Early years
In May 1972, Camp Nou hosted its first European Cup Winners' Cup final between Rangers and Dynamo Moscow. Rangers won the match with a score of 3–2. The 1970s marked a turning point for FC Barcelona with the signing of new player, Johan Cruyff in 1973. Electronic scoreboards were installed in the stadium two years later.


One of the stands displaying Barcelona's motto, Més que un club, meaning "More than a club".
The stadium underwent an expansion in 1980, in anticipation of the 1982 FIFA World Cup, which added boxes, VIP lounges, a new press area, new markers and the enlargement of the third tier by 22,150 seats for a total capacity of 115,000 spectators. The club raised funds for the remodeling by inscribing thousands of supporters’ names on bricks in return for a small set donation. This later became a topic of controversy when the news media in Madrid reported that the name of long-time Real Madrid chairman and Franco supporter, Santiago Bernabéu, had been commemorated in this way.[6][7][8] The first important game played was the final of the Winners’ Cup featuring Barcelona against Standard Liège, on 12 May 1982. Barcelona won the game 2–1 in front of an audience of 80,000.
Camp Nou was one of several stadiums used throughout the 1982 World Cup, hosting the inauguration ceremony on 13 June. Before a 100,000-person crowd, Belgium upset the defending champions Argentina 1–0 in the match that followed.[9]
[edit]Development


Scale model of Camp Nou, installed since 1985 at the Catalunya en Miniatura park.
The stadium’s capacity has varied greatly over the years, opening at 106,146, but growing to 121,749 for the 1982 FIFA World Cup.
Apart from hosting FC Barcelona, Camp Nou is home turf to the Catalan national team, their latest match as of August 2010 being a 4–2 win over Argentina.[10] The stadium is frequently used for other football events. The European Cup final between A.C. Milan and Steaua Bucharest was held on 24 May 1989, with the Italian club winning 4–0.[11] Camp Nou hosted part of the football competition, including the final, in the 1992 Summer Olympics.[12] In preparation for these Games, two additional tiers of seating were installed over the previous roof-line.[13]
Camp Nou underwent little change after 1982, except for the opening of the club museum in 1984. The stadium underwent a facelift in 1993–94, in which the pitch was lowered by 2.5 m (8 ft), the security gap that separated the lawn from the galleries was removed, and standing room was eliminated in favor of individual seating. A new press box, renovation of the presidential grandstand and boxes, new parking under the main grandstand, and new lighting and sound systems were completed in time for the 1998–99 season. In 1999 the UEFA outlawed standing sections in stadiums, and Camp Nou’s capacity settled to its current level.[1] The stadium hosted the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final later that year where Manchester United played Bayern Munich. United won 2–1, coming back from 0–1 down in injury time.[14]


A view of the supporters’ side during a match, showing the FC Barcelona colours
In 2000, fans were polled concerning the stadium’s name. Of the 29,102 votes the club received, a total of 19,861 (68.25%) preferred Camp Nou to Estadi del FC Barcelona, and thus the official name was changed to the popular nickname.[15]
During 1998–99, UEFA rated Camp Nou a five-star stadium for its services and functionalities.[16] However, as per the 2010 regulations, UEFA does not publish a list of the top venues.
The facilities now include a memorabilia shop, mini-pitches for training matches, and a chapel for the players. The stadium also houses the second-most visited museum in Catalonia, FC Barcelona Museum, which receives more than 1.2 million visitors per year.[17]
[edit]Future

To celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the stadium, the club issued an international tender to remodel it. The objective was to make the facility an integrated and highly visible urban environment. The club sought to increase the seating capacity by 13,500, with at least half of the total seating to be under cover. Should these renovations be completed, the stadium will be the third largest in the world (in terms of seating capacity), after the Rungrado May Day Stadium in North Korea (150,000 capacity) and the Salt Lake Stadium in India (120,000 capacity).
On 18 September 2007 the British architect Norman Foster and his company were selected to "restructure" Camp Nou. With an estimated cost of €250 million, the plan included the addition of 10,000 seats for a maximum capacity of 106,000.[18] The board of FC Barcelona approved the sale of their former training ground Mini Estadi in order to finance the remodeling. The project was planned to begin in 2009 and to be finished for the 2011–12 season.[19] However, due to the 2008 financial crises and subsequent fall in real estate prices, the sale of the training ground was postponed and likewise the remodeling project. In May 2010 Sandro Rosell, then a candidate for president of FC Barcelona, dismissed the possibility of selling Mini Estadí, saying it would be indefensible to “sell the crown jewels”, and his election on 30 June has effectively halted the plan to remodel Camp Nou.[20][21]
[edit]Other uses



A panoramic photograph of the stadium in January 2011


Camp Nou was host when U2 played in Barcelona on their 360° Tour.
Camp Nou has been used for various purposes other than football, often hosting major concerts.
Pope John Paul II celebrated mass for a congregation of over 121,000 at Camp Nou on 17 November 1982, on the occasion being made an honorary citizen of Barcelona.[22]
In 1983 Julio Iglesias played for 60,000 people, in what was described as a "most beautifully orchestrated" concert.[23] Other high-profile performances at Camp Nou include those by Bruce Springsteen on 3 August 1988 during his Tunnel Of Love Express Tour; and again on 19 July and 20 July 2008 during his Magic Tour. On 10 September 1988, a charity concert organised by Amnesty International to support human rights featured, among others, Bruce Springsteen, Sting, Peter Gabriel, Youssou N'Dour, Tracy Chapman, and El Último de la Fila. A concert by the Three Tenors—Josep Carreras, Plácido Domingo, and Luciano Pavarotti—was held on 13 July 1997.
On 1 July 2009 the stadium held the launch of the U2 360° Tour, which was attended to the maximum capacity of 90,000 people.[24] The lead singer of U2, Bono, explained that they had started their tour in Camp Nou since “This is where we wanted to build a space station, designed by Gaudi in the capital of surrealism." The concert ended with Bono wearing an FC Barcelona jersey.[25]
On August 9, 1988, Michael Jackson appeared at the stadium in front of 95,000 fans during his Bad World Tour.

santiago bernabue

On 22 June 1944, the Banco Mercantil e Industrial bank granted a credit to Santiago Bernabéu and Rafael Salgado for the purchase of the land adjacent to the old Estadio Chamartín. On 5 September 1944, architects Manuel Muñoz Monasterio and Luis Alemany Soler were hired and the structure on the site began to give way to the new stadium. On 27 October 1944, construction work on the stadium began.
The Nuevo Estadio Chamartín (English: New Chamartín Stadium) was inaugurated on 14 December 1947 with a match between Real Madrid and the Portuguese side Os Belenenses which resulted in a 3-1 victory for Los Blancos.[6] The stadium had an initial capacity of 75,145 spectators, 27,645 of which had seats (7,125 covered) and 47,500 for standing fans. Sabino Barinaga was the first player to score in the new stadium.
[edit]The 1950s
The first major renovation occurred in 1954. On 19 June of that year, the stadium expanded to accommodate 125,000 spectators. Thus, the Madrid coliseum became the biggest stadium of all the participants of the newly established European Cup.
On 4 January 1955, after the General Assembly of Members Compromisaros, it was decided that the stadium adopt its present name in honour of club President Santiago Bernabéu.
In May 1957, Real Madrid used electric stadium lighting in a game against Sport Recife of Brazil.
[edit]The 1980s
The next big changes did not occur until the early 1980s with the hosting of the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain. The stadium had to adapt to the changing times and with this, architects Rafael Luis Alemany and Manuel Salinas were hired for the stadium's renovation project. The brothers were sons of Luis Alemany Alemany Soler, who carried out the original construction project next to Muñoz Monasterio. The work lasted 16 months and had a cost of 704 million pesetas, of which 530 million was paid by the city of Madrid.
The improvements included a number of points. First, FIFA forced two-thirds of the seating area to be covered. For this reason, Real Madrid installed a roof covering the perimeter of the first and second tiers of seating, except the east side. Thus, the stadium's capacity was reduced from 120,000 to 90,800 spectators, 24,550 of which were covered by the new roof. The project also involved remodeling the façade, the installation of new electronic signs in the north and south ends, as well as the renovation of the press areas, lockers rooms, access, and ancillary areas.
The stadium hosted four matches in the World Cup: three second-round Group Two matches (West Germany vs. England, West Germany vs. Spain, and Spain vs. England) and the final between Italy and West Germany.
[edit]The 1990s
In the mid 1980s, UEFA introduced new safety standards due to increased violence in the stadiums of Europe. The stadium was forced to create separate shortcuts to different stadium sections and seats for all spectators. In the 1990s, the Santiago Bernabéu went through a large expansion and remodeling. The board of Ramón Mendoza awarded the project to Gines Navarro Construcciones, S.A.
The work started on 7 February 1992 and concluded on 7 May 1994 with a final cost of more than 5 billion pesetas, substantially raising the debt of the club, having no institutional support.
The work concluded with the creation of an amphitheater on the west side and in the foundations, coupled with the existing building by using hydraulic jacks.
In total, 20,200 upgraded seats were installed, with each seat having a tilt of 87 degrees, ensuring a perfect view and proximity to the pitch. In addition, to access the new ring, four entrance towers were erected on the outside, each with two staircases and a central spiral ramp.
With the new structure, the height of the stadium was increased from 22 m to 45 m. This caused problems during the winter, leaving two-thirds of the field of play in the shade. This lack of sunlight led to grass deterioration on the pitch. For this reason, a polypropylene pipe network was installed at a 20 cm depth under the pitch. At over 30 km long the pipe system circulates hot water, keeping the turf from freezing in cold temperatures.
Also, due to the height of the stand, it was necessary to improve and increase the lighting capability. A retractable protective roof was also installed to protect the fans from the elements. After the renovation, the stadium's capacity was 110,000 spectators.
Already in the summer of 1998, and chaired by Lorenzo Sanz, the Santiago Bernabéu adopted an all-seating arrangement, bringing its capacity down to 75,328 spectators.
[edit]The 2000s


View of the stadium in a Derby.
When Florentino Pérez became the president of Real Madrid, he launched a "master plan" with one goal: to improve the comfort of the Santiago Bernabéu and the quality of its facilities, and maximise revenue for the stadium.
Pérez invested €127 million in five years (2001–2006) by adding an expansion to the east side of the stadium, as well adding a new façade on Father Damien street, new costumes, new boxes and VIP areas, a new stage in honour of the east side, a new press area (also located on the east side), a new audio system, new bars, integration of heating in the stands, panoramic lifts, new restaurants, escalators in the tower access, and implementation of the multipurpose building in Father Damien street.
Following the enlargement of the lateral east side and the creation of new galleries, the capacity of the Santiago Bernabéu was 80,354, all seated. The last change was an increase of about five thousand to a capacity of 85,454, effected in 2011.[7]


West façade of the stadium
In 2007, the 1,000th game was played at the Santiago Bernabéu. In addition, the latest revision of UEFA on 27 October 2007, on the occasion of Champions League match against Olympiacos, served as a final step to give the Santiago Bernabéu elite stadium status on 14 November 2007, a month before the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the inauguration of the stadium. UEFA announced that the club will officially rename the Elite stadium.
Pérez proposed construction of a retractable roof before he resigned in 2005. In 2009, following the re-election of Pérez as the club president, it was announced that the roof construction was looking unlikely due to the financial situation of the club. According to Spanish sports newspaper Marca, however, Pérez wants to restructure Santiago Bernabéu. According to the newspaper, the architect in charge will be chosen from among a shortlist of Spanish architects Santiago Calatrava and Pritzker Prize-winner Rafael Moneo, and Chinese-American Ieoh Ming Pei, also a Pritzker winner.[8]

7 rumah paling mewah

1. Rumah Mewah Antilla ($ 1.000.000.000)

Inilah rumah dengan harga paling fantastis di dunia, rumah dimiliki oleh Mukesh Ambani, beliau pengusaha dan miliuner terkemuka asal India yang juga merupakan orang yang masuk dalam daftar 10 orang terkaya di dunia. Rumah ini terdiri atas 27 lantai dengan ruangan yang sangat luas, bahkan garasinya saja bisa menampung sekitar 150 mobil. Wow !

2. Rumah Mewah William Randolph Hearst’s Mansion ($165.000.000)

Hunian mewah ini milik William Randolph Hearst, memiliki 3 kolam renang, 29 kamar tidur dan dengan aula yang sangat luas. Di dalamnya juga terdapat sebuah diskotik dan sebuah mini bioskop.
3. Rumah Mewah Elena Franchuk’s Victorian Villa ($ 161.000.000)

Rumah ini terletak di daerah Kensington di London Rumah ini bertingkat 5 dan memiliki 10 kamar tidur , kolam renang dalam ruangan, ruang panik, Bioskop serta ruang sauna.

4. Rumah Mewah The Penthouses at One Hyde Park ($ 160.000.000)

Rumah ini memang masih sedang dalam proses konstruksi, namun begitu fasilitas yang ada di dalam rumah ini terbilang sangat mewah, bahkan bisa dibilang lebih mirip hotel. ada kabar yang mengatakan bahwa jika bangunan ini sudah selesai seluruhnya, maka akan bisa mengalahkan harga William Randolph Hearst’s Mansion.
5. Rumah Mewah Aaron Spelling’s Manor ($ 150.000.000)

Rumah ini berdiri di atas tanah yang membentang sepanjang 56.000 meter persegi tanah dan dibangun pada tahun 1991. Memiliki 123 kamar, lapangan tenis, arena skating, bowling gang dan beberapa kolam renang.

6. Rumah Mewah Hala Ranch ($ 135.000.000)

Dimiliki oleh Pangeran Bandar bin Sultan bin Abdulaziz dari Arab Saudi, memiliki 27 kamar mandi dan 15 kamar tidur bersama dengan kolam renang dalam ruangan, jalan ski swasta, limbah pabrik pengolahan, lapangan tenis, bangunan ini dibangun di atas tanah yang membentang sepanjang 14.397 kaki persegi.

7. Rumah Mewah Fleur de Lys ($ 125.000.000)

Rumah yang dibangun oleh Suzanne dan David Saperstein ini memiliki 15 kamar tidur dan eksterior ditutupi dengan kapur Perancis sementara interior disiramkan dengan emas 24 karat. Rumah itu juga memiliki item furniture seperti pola tirai Marie Antoinette dan kursi favorit Napoleon.

Daftar rumah paling mewah di dunia di atas hanya sebagian saja yang diketahui, karena ternyata masih banyak milyarder-milyarder yang memiliki rumah-rumah di daerah yang tidak diketahui.

keajaiban dunia

1.Banaue Rice Terraces di Filipina


Dari gambar ini kelihatan luar biasa, ya, sawah irigasi kuno yang berumur 2000 tahun. Terletak di gunung Ifugao Filipina, terkenal dengan sebutan Banaue Rice Terraces. Tidak muluk-muluk, tapi Filipina merasa cukup puas seandainya Banaue Rice Terraces ditempatkan sebagai “Keajaiban Dunia ke Delapan”.
Diperkirakan, sawah yang ‘diukir’ di gunung Ifugo ini, dibuat dengan peralatan yang sangat tradisional oleh nenek moyang bangsa Filipin. Sawah petak ini berada di 1.500 meter di atas permukaan laut dan mengelilingi lereng gunung sejauh 10.360 kilometer persegi.
Yang luar biasa, nenek moyang sudah mengatur sedemikian rupa pengairan sawah yang berasal dari hutan yang berada atas persawahan itu. Penduduk setempat sampai hari ini masih menanampati juga sayuran di sawah itu.
Erosi, merupakan salah satu ancaman bagi keberadaan sawah kuno ini. Karenanya, pemerintah juga warga sekitar sangat peduli hal ini, perawatan serta rekonstruksi dilakukan terus menerus, untuk menjaga kelestariannya.
2.Sigiriya di Sri Langka

Ini adalah sisa-sisa peninggalan istana kuno yang terletak di atas bukit batu. Sigiriya atau Batu Singa, begitu sebutannya. Terletak di Matale District, Sri Lanka, dikelilingi hutan, waduk, juga kebun. Letaknya yang unik, ditambah dengan pemandangan menakjubkan, membuat Sigiriya banyak dikunjungi wisatawan. Melihat dari udara, Sigiriya seperti lukisan kuno yang mengingatkan orang pada Ajanta Caves di India.
Sigiriya dibangun pada masas pemerintahan Raja Kassapa I yang memerintah dari 477-495 AD. Tempat ini adalah satu dari tujuh peninggalan kuno yang dimiliki Sri Langka. Diduga, Sirigiya didiami sejak masa pra-sejarah. Lalu, pada abad ke-5 BC, tempat ini dipakai sebagai biara.
3. Tower of Hercules di Spanyol

Menara Hercules adalah mercu suar kuno peninggalan Romawi yang terletak di semenanjung, sekitar 2,4 kilometer (1,5 mil) dari pusat Corunna, Galicia, barat laut Spanyol. Nama Corunna berasal dari kolom kuno. Tinggi tower ini 55 meter menghadap pantai Atlantik Utara, Spanyol. Mercusuar Hercules berusia 1900 tahun, peninggalan Romawi yang masih beroperasi hingga kini Konon, usia tower ini sudah mencapai 1900 tahun, direhabilitasi tahun 1791. Ini adalah mercu suar peninggalan Romawi yang hingga kini masih difungsikan.
4. Toru, Kota Kuno di Polandia Utara yang Masih Eksis
Toru adalah kota di Polandia utara, persisnya di Vistula River. Ini adalah kota kuno yang telah ada sejak 1100 BC yang sampai sekarang masih eksis. Kota ini adalah kota kelahiran Nicolaus Copernicus (Seorang astronom, matematikawan, dan ekonom. Teorinya yang terkenal adalah matahari sebagai pusat Tata Surya, menjungkirbalikkan teori geosentris tradisional —yang menempatkan Bumi di pusat alam semesta— dianggap sebagai salah satu penemuan yang terpenting sepanjang masa, dan merupakan titik mula fundamental bagi astronomi modern dan sains modern.

Teori ini menimbulkan revolusi ilmiah) Torun kota kuno di Polandia masih eksis hingga kini. Diduga kota ini sudah ada tahun 1100 BC Toru menjadi cikal bakal pemukiman pertama di daerah itu, diperkirakan telah ada sejak 1100 BC. Kota itu berkembang pada abad pertengahan, yakni abad ke 7 hingga ke 13. Kemudian Kesatria Teutonic membangun benteng di sekitar pemukiman, antara tahun 1230-31. Pada 1263, biarawan Franciscan menetap di daerah itu mengikuti Dominika pada 1239.
Kota ini semakin berkembang dengan dibangunnya kota baru di dekat Toru. Kedua kota ini berkembang menjadi pusat perdagangan penting pada abad pertengahan.
Kalau anda melihat potret ini, sungguh menarik. Tempat ini sejak dulu hingga sekarang banyak dikunjungi. Kalau dulu karena menjadi kota dagang, sedang sekarang menjadi kota wisata yang sarat dengan sejarah masa lalu.
5.Ajanta Caves di India
Goa Ajanta di Maharashtra, salah satu dari banyak peninggalan kuno yang ada di India. Yang menakjubkan di goa ini banyak terdapat lukisan juga patung-patung Buddha bernilai seni tinggi. Diperkirakan, monumen-monumen yang ada dalam goa ini mulai digarap pada abad ke 2 BC.

Tapi goa di Ajanta ini kemudian ditinggalkan. Selama 1300 tahun goa ini terbengkalai, di bagian luar, belukar tumbuh tinggi, akhirnya menjadi hutan yang otomatis menyembunyikan keberadaan goa ini. Tidak ada yang pernah tahu bahwa di sana tersimpan ‘warisan dunia’ yang luar biasa. Sampai akhirnya pada musim semi tahun 1819 seorang perwira Inggris, tanpa sengaja memasuki ngarai yang curam.
Semakin dalam dia masuk ke sana, dan dia luar biasa kaget karena ia menemukan sebuah pintu tersembunyi di salah satu gua. Inilah kunjungan pertama manusia setelah ribuan tahun. Ketika ditemukan goa itu hanyalah ‘rumah’ burung dan kalelawar serta binatang lainnya. Kapten Smith kemudian melakukan eksplorasi pertama untuk mengetahui ‘isi’ dari goa misterius itu. Nama Kapten Smith ini diketahui, karena yang bersangkutan menuliskan namanya pada dinding goa dan tahun kedatangannya. Ia menulis, “Kapten Smith, April 1819”.
6. Lembah Bunga di Himalaya
Lembah Bunga adalah lembah yang berada di ketinggian Himalaya. Para pendaki juga ahli botani menggambarkan lembah itu luar biasa indah, sudah ada sejak lebih dari seabad lebih, bahkan dalam mitologi Hindu, penggambaran keberadaan lembah ini sudah ada sejak jaman dahulu kala.

Hamparan yang lembut, padang rumput di selingi bunga-bungaan warna warni, sangat indah dan nyaris menyesakkan nafas memandangnya. Lembah bunga yang indah semakin lengkap dengan adanya background gunung dan hutan. Lembah bunga ini dinyatakan taman nasional (Nanda Devi National Park) pada 1982. Masyarakat setempat mengetahui keberadaan lembah bunga ini, mereka meyakini bahwa tempat itu dihuni oleh kawanan peri.


7. Metéora, Bangunan di Puncak Gunung Batu Athos, Yunani

Lihat gambar-gambar ini, pasti anda takjub. Bagaimana bisa sebuah castile bisa berdiri di puncak gunung batu. Terbayangkan betapa sulitnya pembangunan castle ini, padahal usianya sudah ratusan tahun. Ini adalah kompleks biara-biara ortodoks Timur paling besar dan paling penting di Yunani. Persisnya, biara-biara ini dibangun di puncak gunung batu Athos.

Ada enam biara di kompleks ini. Persisnya berada di kawasan Thessaly, dekat sunagi Pineios, pinggir baratlaut Yunani Tengah.Yang cuku menarik adalah akses menuju biara yang sangat sulit. Konon, dulunya untuk mencapai biara digunakan tanggap panjang atau semacam jala yang dipakai untuk menaikkan dan menurunkan barang, termasuk manusia. Dibutuhkan kekuatan iman untuk bisa mencapai biara ini.


8.Chichen Itza



Merupakan peninggalan arkeologi suku Maya di Meksiko yang paling lengkap serta masih terawat dengan baik. Menurut buku budaya suku Maya dari Chilam Balam, kompleks candi ini dibangun antara tahun 502-522 Masehi. Suku Maya hanya menempatinya selama 200 tahun, kemudian mereka berpindah ke daerah pantai di Campeche. Itza merupakan titik sentral kompleks bangunan lainnya seperti Piramida Kukulcan, Candi Chac Mool, dan bangunan Seribu Tiang.

9. Colosseum Italia, Roma



Adalah sebuah gedung pertunjukan yang besar/amphitheatre, terletak di Ibukota Negara Italia, Roma, bernama asli “Flavian Amphitheatre”, didirikan oleh Raja Vespasian dan terselesaikan oleh anaknya Titus. Ada yang berpendapat bahwa Colosseum dibuat pada tahun 79 SM. Asal nama Colosseum berasal dari sebuah patung setinggi 130 kaki atau 40 m yang bernama Colossus. Tempat ini di set untuk menampung 50.000 orang penonton.

10. Great Wall of China



Tembok Raksasa Cina atau Tembok Besar merupakan bangunan terpanjang yang pernah dibuat oleh manusia, terletak di Republik Rakyat Cina. Panjangnya adalah 6.400 kilometer (dari kawasan Sanhai Pass di timur hingga Lop Nur di sebelah barat) dan tingginya 8 meter dengan tujuan untuk mencegah serbuan bangsa Mongol dari Utara pada masa itu. Lebar bagian atasnya 5 m, sedangkan lebar bagian bawahnya 8 m. Setiap 180-270 m dibuat semacam menara pengintai. Tinggi menara pengintai tersebut 11-12 m. Untuk membuat tembok raksasa ini, diperlukan waktu ratusan tahun di zaman berbagai kaisar.

11. Machu Picchu di Peru



Machu Picchu (“Gunung Tua” dalam bahasa Quechua; sering juga disebut “Kota Inca yang hilang”) adalah sebuah lokasi reruntuhan Inca pra-Columbus yang terletak di wilayah pegunungan pada ketinggian sekitar 2.350 m. diatas permukaan laut. Berada di atas lembah Urubamba di Peru, sekitar 70 km barat laut Cusco. Merupakan simbol Kerajaan Inka yang paling terkenal. Dibangun pada sekitar tahun 1450, tetapi ditinggalkan seratus tahun kemudian, ketika bangsa Spanyol berhasil menaklukan Kerajaan Inka.

12. Petra di Yordania



Adalah sebuah situs arkeologikal di Yordania, terletak di dataran rendah di antara gunung-gunung yang membentuk sayap timur Wadi Araba, lembah besar yang berawal dari Laut Mati sampai Teluk Aqaba. Petra adalah kota yang didirikan dengan memahat dinding-dinding batu di Yordania. Simbol teknik dan perlindungan. Kota ini didirikan dengan mengali dan mengukir cadas setinggi 40 meter. Petra merupakan ibukota kerajaan Nabatean. Didirikan pada 9SM-40M oleh Raja Aretas IV sebagai kita yang sulit untuk ditembus musuh dan aman dari bencana alam seperti badai pasir. Nabatean membangun Petra dengan sisitem pengairan yang luar biasa rumit. Terdapat terowongan air dan bilik air yang menyalurkan air bersih ke kota, sehingga mencegah banjirmedadak. Mereka juga memiliki teknologi hidrolik untuk mengangkat air.

13. Taj Mahal di Agra, India



Adalah sebuah monumen yang terletak di Agra, India. Dibangun atas keinginan Kaisar Mughal Shah Jahan, anak Jahangir, sebagai sebuah musoleum untuk istri Persianya, Arjumand Banu Begum, juga dikenal sebagai Mumtaz-ul-Zamani atau Mumtaz Mahal. Pembangunan menghabiskan waktu 23 tahun (1630-1653) dan merupakan sebuah adi karya dari arsitektur Mughal. Shah Jahan memerintahkan Ustad Ahmad membuat bangunan ini. Ustaz Ahmad mengumpulkan 20.000 orang pekerja yang terdiri dari tukang batu, tukang emas, dan pengukir yang termasyhur dari seluruh dunia. Dengan bumbung, kubah dan menara yang buat dari marmer putih, serta seni mozak yang indah. Sebanyak 43 jenis batu permata, termasuknya yaitu berlian, jed, kristal, topaz, dan nilam telah digunakan untuk memper indah Taj Mahal.

14. Giza Pyramid – Nekropolis Giza



Adalah piramida tertua dan terbesar dari tiga piramida yang ada di Nekropolis Giza. Dibangun sebagai makam untuk firaun dinasti keempat Mesir, Khufu. Dibangun selama lebih dari 20 tahun dan diperkirakan berlangsung pada sekitar tahun 2560 SM. Tiga piramida yang lebih kecil untuk istri Khufu, dan sebuah piramida “satelit” yang lebih kecil lagi, berupa lintasan yang ditinggikan, dan makam-makam mastaba berukuran kecil di sekeliling piramida para bangsawan.



15. Acropolis of Athens – Athena



Acropolis adalah dataran tinggi berbatu setinggi 156 m, dan ada beberapa reruntuhan bangunan kuno yang dulunya adalah kuil yg menjadi pusat sejarah Athena. Mulai dibangun 1.300 tahun SM. Acropolis sebenarnya sebuah kota kecil yang permai, sampai kerajaan Persia menghancurkannya di tahun 480 SM. Setahun kemudian tentara Yunani mengalahkan Persia dan membangun ulang kuil-kuil itu. Antara tahun 467 sampai 404 SM, bangunan tersebut selesai dibangun. Pada tahun 1834 Athena menjadi ibukota Yunani, raja Otto menetapkan Acropolis sebagai bangunan arkeologi yang dilindungi. Tahun 1975 Acropolis direstorasi.

16. Alhambra – di Granada, Spanyol



Adalah nama sebuah kompleks istana sekaligus benteng yang megah dari kekhalifahan bani ummayyah di Granada, Spanyol bagian selatan (dikenal dengan sebutan Al-Andalus ketika benteng ini didirikan), yang mencakup wilayah perbukitan di batas kota Granada. Istana ini dibangun sebagai tempat tinggal khalifah beserta para pembesarnya.

17. Christ The Redeemer



Atau Patung Kristus Penebus (bahasa Portugis: Cristo Redentor) adalah patung Yesus Kristus dengan gaya arsitektur Art Deco terbesar dan terdapat di Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Patung memiliki tinggi 38 meter dan terletak di puncak dari Gunung Corcovado yang tingginya 710 m di Taman Nasional Hutan Tijuca, yang menghadap ke kota.

peristiwa aneh saat pemakaman amrozi cs

Suasana menjelang pemakaman Amrozi Cs menyiratkan sejumlah hal gaib. Jenazah Imam Samudra mengeluarkan bau wangi semerbak saat ingin dikeluarkan dari peti mati di Polda Banten.

Lulu Jamaluddin di rumah duka, Lopang Gede, Serang, Minggu (09/11), mengatakan, "Ya Allah, jenazah kakak wangi sekali waktu dikeluarkan dari peti. Seperti minyak wangi yang sering dipakainya,".

Peristiwa bau wangi tersebut juga terjadi pada jenazah Al Ghozi, tersangka dengan tuduhan sebagai teroris yang meninggal dunia ditembak polisi Filipina, demikian kesaksian dari seorang kerabatnya tidak diketahui namanya itu. "Jenazah Al Ghozi begitu wangi, ini menunjukkan almarhum mati syahid," katanya.

Keyakinan yang sama juga datang dari Lulu, adik kandung Imam Samudra. Dia mengatakan, "Kakak saya ya pasti mendapatkan tempat yang layak di surga seperti yang dicita-citakannya.".

Wangi yang timbul dari jenazah Imam Samudra ini adalah wangi parfum yang biasa digunakan almarhum semasa hidup, bukan wangi kapur barus yang biasa digunakan bersama kain kafan.

Kejadian aneh juga terjadi di Desa Tenggulun, Lamongan, Jawa Timur, Minggu (09/11) yaitu sekitar satu jam sebelum kedatangan jenazah, muncul tiga burung belibis hitam mengitari rumah Amrozi. Kontan hal ini membuat warga yang memadati area sekitar rumah Hj.Tariyem takjub. H.Ahmad mengungkapkan, "Ini tanda jenazah mereka langsung bertemu dengan Allah. Burung itu bidadari yang menjemput,".

Kehadiran tiga burung tersebut membuat massa kafilah Syuhada serentak mengucapkan kalimat takbir berkali-kali. Mereka yakin ketiga jenazah akan masuk surga.

Sesuai permintaan, eksekusi Amrozi Cs berlangsung tanpa penutup wajah. Tak ada rasa takut yang hinggap di diri mereka. Hal ini terlihat pada wajah Imam Samudra yang tersenyum dalam damai seperti sedang tidur saja. Lulu pun mengatakan, "Wajah kakak ganteng banget, senyum, bersih, gemuk. Subhanallah. Saya senang melihat ini dan tidak percaya. Kalau dulu saya sering nonton ini di TV tapi sekarang ini saya alami sendiri,".

3 Burung Karomah Saat Pemakaman Amrozi, Ali Ghufron & Imam Samudra

iangnya ribuan orang juga meneteskan air mata saat jenazah akan sampai ke rumah Kafilah Syuhada karena mereka melihat tiga burung besar yang terbang mengitari rumah Al Akh Amrozy dan Ustad Muklas selama beberapa menit kemudian satu burung terbang ke arah barat dan dua burung lainnya terbang ke arah timur. Para pentakziah meneriakkan takbir dan menangis haru melihat para burung yang mengiringi dan menyambut jenazah Syuhada tersebut. Saya yang saat itu memegang HD camcorder pun tak kuasa menitikkan air mata dan bertakbir lirih sambil terus merekam kejadian itu pada camcorder yang kupegang.[narakushutdown] Kejadian aneh menghiasi prosesi pemakaman para Syuhada Tenggulun. Kira-kira menjelang jam sembilan pagi, tiga ekor burung berwarna hijau (Burung Karomah yang belum pernah terlihat di daerah Tenggulun sebelumnya).datang dan mengitari atas rumah keluarga Amrozi. Sontak pekikkan takbir dan suara tangis pecah. Tangis karena rasa haru yang sangat akan perjuangan ketiga Mujahid Indonesia tersebut.Inilah Karomah nyata yang diberikan Alloh kepada ketiga syuhada yang bisa disaksikan oleh ribuan masa yang hadir dengan kasat mata. Awal mula kemunculan burung (burung Karomah) tersebut bersama kedatangan helikopter pembawa syuhada 2 ekor dari arah timur,dan satu ekor dari arah barat.Kemudian mereka bergabung lalu berputar-putar tepat di atas rumah Assyahid Ust Muklas dan Amrozi. Usai berpisahnya kawanan burung karomah tersebut 2 ketimur dan 1 kebarat terlihat lafat Alloh dari awan di langit diatas rumah Amrozi. "Itulah 3 mujahidku," teriak salah satu pelayat yang berada di rumah Tenggulun. Menurut keterangan kontributor Muslimdaily.net, Rofiq, kedatangan tiga burung tersebut menambah haru suasana. Lebih dari 7 menit burung tersebut berputar-putar di atas rumah. Seakan memberikan persaksian bahwa mereka adalah syuhada. Tak berapa lama kemudian ketiga burung tersebut terbang berpisah meninggalkan rumah Hj. Tariyem. [al-jauhari] Semoga mata hati kita tidak tertutup untuk membaca Tanda-tanda dari Alloh SWT...
Diposkan oleh ID-Jihad

peristiwa tanjung morawa

Pada tahun 1953 Pemerintah RI Karesidenan Sumatera Timur merencanakan untuk mencetak sawah percontohan di bekas areal perkebunan tembakau di desa Perdamaian, Tanjung Morawa. Akan tetapi areal perkebunan itu sudah ditempati oleh penggarap liar. Di antara mereka terdapat beberapa imigran gelap Cina. Usaha pemerintah untuk memindahkan para penggarap dengan memberi ganti rugi dan menyediakan lahan pertanian, dihalang-halangi oleh Barisan Tani Indonesia (BTI), organisasi massa PKI. Oleh karena cara musyawarah gagal, maka pada tanggal 16 Maret 1953 pemerintah terpaksa mentraktor areal tersebut dengan dikawal oleh sepasukan polisi. Untuk menggagalkan usaha pentraktoran, BTI mengerahkan massa yang sudah mereka pengaruhi dari berbagai tempat di sekitar Tanjung Morawa. Mereka bertindak brutal. Polisi melepaskan tembakan peringatan ke atas, tetapi tidak dihiraukan, bahkan mereka berusaha merebut senjata polisi. Dalam suasana kacau, jatuh korban meninggal dan luka-luka.

gerard bale

Gareth Frank Bale (born 16 July 1989) is a Welsh footballer who plays for English Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur and the Wales national team.
Bale began his professional career at Southampton, playing at left back, earning acclaim as a free kick specialist. Since transferring to Spurs in 2007, managerial and tactical shifts have seen him transform into a more offensively-oriented player. Recently, Bale has played an integral role in Tottenham's success domestically and in the Champions LeagueClub career

[edit]Southampton
On 17 April 2006, at the age of 16 years and 275 days, Bale became the second youngest player ever to play for Southampton (after Theo Walcott, who was 132 days younger) when he made his debut in the Saints' 2-0 victory against Millwall. On 6 August, Bale scored his first league goal, a free kick, to level the score at 1–1 against Derby County. The final score at Pride Park was 2–2.[14]
He scored again, at St. Mary's, against Coventry City[15] in the team's second game of the 2006–07 season with another free kick. Bale further developed his reputation as a free kick specialist when he struck the post from one against West Bromwich Albion.[16] By 16 December 2006, Bale's goal count had risen to five, thanks to a late equaliser against Sunderland[17] and free-kicks away to Hull[18] and at home to Norwich City.
In December 2006, he won the Carwyn James Award for the BBC Wales Young Sports Personality of the Year,[19] and was named the Football League Young Player of the Year on 4 March 2007.[20] This capped what was described in the local press as an "incredible" first full season as a professional footballer in which he was one of the Saints' "most creative players even (though operating) from the left-back position whilst his defending improved immeasurably as the season progressed."[21]
His final game for Southampton was in the first leg of the Championship play-off semi-final against Derby County on 12 May 2007. Bale suffered an injury during the second half, preventing him from appearing in the second leg.[22][23] In total, he made 45 appearances for Southampton, scoring five goals.
[edit]Tottenham Hotspur
On 25 May 2007, Bale signed a four-year deal with Tottenham Hotspur with Spurs paying an initial £5 million for Bale, potentially rising to £10 million based on appearances and success.[24] However, Tottenham paid Southampton an early settlement payment of £2 million in 2008 to reduce the final fee to £7 million and allow the Saints the immediate cash that they desperately needed.
[edit]2007–08
He played his first game for Spurs in a friendly against St. Patrick's Athletic on 12 July 2007, but was substituted on the 80th minute with a minor dead-leg. He made his competitive debut for Tottenham Hotspur on 26 August away against Manchester United. In just his second Spurs appearance, he scored his first goal for Tottenham in the 3–3 draw with Fulham on 1 September when he latched on to Robbie Keane's flick, charged down the left flank unopposed and coolly slotted past goalkeeper Antti Niemi.[25] Bale went on to score again against Arsenal in the North London Derby, scoring a free kick inside the near post.[26] He then scored in the League Cup home tie against Middlesbrough,[27] making it three goals in four starts for the then 18-year-old. He also set up Spurs' goal against Anorthosis Famagusta in the UEFA Cup.
Bale was substituted after sustaining an injury resulting from a tackle from Fabrice Muamba in the league fixture against Birmingham City on 2 December 2007. A scan revealed that Bale had suffered ligament damage to his right ankle, consigning him to an extended period on the sidelines. Spurs' sporting director Damien Comolli announced in February 2008 that Bale would miss the rest of the season through injury.[28]
[edit]2008–09


Bale in the Spur's line-up before a match against Chelsea
He signed a new four-year deal with the club in August 2008.[29] Bale was given the number 3 shirt for the 2008-09 season, which left previous number 3 Lee Young-Pyo without a squad number. After some poor performances, Bale was dropped in favour of Benoît Assou-Ekotto and the latter remained first-choice for most of the season.
[edit]2009–10
After playing a record 24 Premier League games for Spurs without being on the winning side,[30][31] Bale's first ever involvement in a Premier League victory came against Burnley on 26 September 2009 – more than two years after signing for Spurs – when he came on as an 85th minute substitute.[32]
In June 2009, Bale underwent surgery for a knee injury, ruling him out for over two months. He missed pre-season matches and it was projected that he would miss the first few weeks of the 2009–10 season.[33] On 26 September, he made his comeback as a substitute in the Spurs' 5–0 thrashing of Burnley. However, he endured a frustrating time on the bench as Benoît Assou-Ekotto was in good form. When Assou-Ekotto was sidelined with an injury, manager Harry Redknapp decided to give Bale a chance and he impressed in the Spurs' FA Cup third-round 4–0 win over Peterborough.[34] He finally tasted victory for the first time as a starter in a league game in the 2–0 win over London rivals Fulham on 26 January 2010.[35] His good form continued and he was named Player of the Round after helping the Spurs to a 3–1 win in the sixth round replay of the FA Cup against Fulham.[36] In April 2010, Bale scored another goal against Arsenal after a pass from Defoe he tapped the ball past the Arsenal keeper.[37] Three days later, Bale slammed in Tottenham's second with his weaker right foot in a 2–1 victory over leaders Chelsea and was named Man of the Match.[38] He was named Barclays Player of the Month for April.[39] He signed a new four-year contract at White Hart Lane on 7 May 2010 as a reward for helping the club reach the Champions League qualification place.[40]
[edit]2010–11
On 21 August, Bale scored twice in a 2–1 win at Stoke City, the second of which was a head-high volley into the top right hand corner of the goal.[41] On 25 August, Bale set up all four goals to help Spurs overcome Young Boys 4–0 (6–3 agg.) in a Champions League play-off at White Hart Lane.[42] Although Assou-Ekotto had already returned from injury, Bale continued his good form and cemented his place in the starting eleven, moving forward to left wing to accommodate Assou-Ekotto at left back. On 29 September 2010, Bale scored his first Champions League goal for Tottenham in a 4–1 home win against Dutch champions FC Twente in their second game of the group stages. In recognition, he was named Welsh Player of the Year by the FAW.[43] On 20 October, Bale scored his first senior hat trick against European champions Internazionale at the San Siro in the Champions League. Tottenham lost the match 4–3, having been 4–0 down inside the first 35 minutes and playing with ten men for over 80 minutes of the match after goalkeeper Heurelho Gomes had been sent off in the eighth minute for a professional foul on Inter's Jonathan Biabiany.[44] In the return match at White Hart Lane on 2 November, Bale provided a man of the match performance, setting up goals for Peter Crouch and Roman Pavlyuchenko to earn Spurs a memorable 3–1 win.[45]
On 4 November, Bale stated that he intended to remain at Tottenham for the remainder of his recently-signed four-year contract, despite reported interest from other clubs.[46] On 19 March 2011, Tottenham announced Bale had extended his stay at the club until 2015.[47]
On 17 April 2011, Bale was honoured with the PFA Player of the Year award, as voted for by his peers.[48]. Amidst rumours linking him with Chelsea , Barcelona and a host of clubs, Bale decided to stay at White Hart Lane.
[edit]2011–12
He scored his first goal of the season on 24 September 2011, in an away game against Wigan Athletic.[49] The game ended in a 2–1 victory for Tottenham. He added his second and third goals of the season on 30 October with two goals against Queens Park Rangers in a 3–1 home win.[50] He continued his good form with the first goal in a 3–1 victory over Fulham the following week, whilst also setting up Aaron Lennon who made it 2–0 on the stroke of half time.[51] The first goal against Fulham was later ruled by the "dubious goals committee" to be an own goal by Chris Baird.[52] On 3 December, Bale scored the first goal in Tottenham's 3–0 victory over Bolton Wanderers. He marked the goal with a tribute to Gary Speed by holding up his left boot, with "R.I.P Gary Speed" stitched on it, in front of the Bolton fans.[53] On 27 December, Bale scored twice to give Tottenham a 2–0 win against Norwich City.[54] On 5 January 2012, Bale was announced as one of the players voted into the UEFA Team of the Year 2011. He scored his third brace of the season as he scored twice against Wigan on 31 January to take his tally to ten goals for the season.[55] In January 2012 he was announced as the January Premier League Player of the Month for the second time in his career, after three goals and two assists in the Premier League for the month.[56] He is also a massive cheat after diving to get a penalty in the North London Derby. It's no surprise though because the team he plays for are the Scum of the Earth with a crook in charge of them.
[edit]Style of play

Bale originally started out playing as left back, but because of his great pace and dribbling skills, he was moved forward to play as a left winger.[citation needed]
On 2 November 2010, after a Champions League group stage match against Internazionale, teammate Rafael van der Vaart said, "Everyone is scared of him [Bale]. Maicon is one of the best defenders in the world, and he's killed him."[57][58]
In a report of the same match, Spanish newspaper El Mundo said:
Bale combines the height and build of an 800-metre runner like Steve Ovett with the acceleration and directness of a rugby winger like Bryan Habana. And, when he gets to the byline, he delivers curling crosses like a Brazilian. Big words? Yes, but that's what Bale is like – easily the greatest sensation in the opening month and a half of the Champions League. Ask Maicon what he thinks after the two exhibitions Bale turned in against Inter. Yesterday he left Maicon for dead and then a wily old fox like Lúcio was left in his wake like someone trying to follow the vapour trail of an aeroplane. Three goals and two assists — against the European champions. His performances have been stunning.
Following Bale's two goals against Norwich City on 27 December 2011, manager Harry Redknapp said:
If we sell him, we've had it haven't we? It would only be a Barcelona, a Man City or a Real Madrid who would be able to pay for him. He's an amazing player. He's got everything, there's not a weakness in his make-up. He can head the ball, he's as strong as an ox, he can run, dribble and shoot. Most important of all, he's a smashing lad.
[edit]International career

Wales
Bale was selected by Wales at the end of the 2005–06 season and made his international debut on 27 May 2006.[61] He first appeared as a substitute in a 2–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago, making him the youngest ever player to play for Wales.[62] Bale, who was just 16 years and 315 days, assisted the winning goal scored by Robert Earnshaw.
Brian Flynn commented that Bale was potentially a future star of the game, comparing his technical ability to that of Ryan Giggs. On 7 October 2006, Bale became the youngest player ever to score a goal for the full Welsh national team in the Euro 2008 qualification match against Slovakia with a trademark free kick. He scored his second goal for Wales in a 3–0 win over San Marino on 28 March 2007.
Bale was eligible to play for England through his grandmother, but he stated in 2007 that:
"It is an honour to play for Wales... Nobody ever got in touch with me personally from England, only through my agent."
After a long injury lay-off, he returned and started in the World Cup qualifier against Finland on 10 October 2009. On 14 October, he played a part in Wales' final World Cup qualifier by setting up David Vaughan to score the opening goal against Liechtenstein and won the free kick that led to the second, Aaron Ramsey's first at senior level.
In December 2010, Bale was awarded the BBC Cymru Sports Personality of the Year trophy.
Bale was called up to the Wales squad for the first time under Gary Speed to play against Australia on 10 August 2011. He previously missed the last four internationals with injury
[edit]Great Britai
Bale, who meets the age criteria to play in the 2012 London Olympics, said he would "love to play in the Olympics" for the Great Britain Olympic football team, in defiance of the Welsh FA.[70] On 28 October 2011 Bale became the first player to be photographed modelling the British 2012 London Olympics football supporters' shirt. In response, Football Association of Wales chief executive Jonathan Ford said: "Our position remains unchanged. We are not for Team GB. Gareth can make his own choices and make his own decisions. But we are not going to stop anyone playing." On behalf of Gareth Bale a spokesman said "while he is 100% Welsh, he is also British".